This book provides a description of the use of engineering simulation methods in a clear, direct and concise way, containing several relevant examples of biomechanics and biological processes analyzed with different numerical methods. It is oriented towards undergraduate and graduate students, academics, professionals, technicians and to all those interested in the use of simulation in computational biomechanics.

The book begins with a review of the concepts of solid and fluid mechanics, followed by a description of engineering approximation methods such as the Finite Volume Method, the Finite Element Method and the Boundary Element Method. Then, several applications that usually appear in biomechanics modeling are presented and discussed, from the simulation of osseointegration to the simulation of lung airflow and the modeling of biological processes in intervertebral discs and mechanobiology.

What global shifts in markets and power mean for the politics and governance of sustainability. In recent years, major shifts in global markets from North to South have created a new geography of trade and consumption, particularly in the agricultural sector. How this shift affects the governance of sustainability, and thus the future of the planet, is the pressing topic Philip Schleifer takes up in this book. The processes of twenty-first-century globalization are fundamentally changing the politics and governance of commodity production, Schleifer argues, with profound implications for the environment in the food-producing countries of the Global South. At the center of Schleifer's study are Brazil and Indonesia--two key sites of experimentation in new models of global environmental and commodity governance--where palm oil and soy supply chains have seen unprecedented degrees of private environmental governance in recent years. However, instead of transforming these industries, the diffusion of transnational sustainability standards has accompanied a worsening ecological crisis, with mounting evidence of increasingly strong links between deforestation and globalization in twenty-first-century agricultural trade. To uncover the causes of this governance failure, Schleifer develops a multi-level framework for analyzing how contemporary globalization is reconfiguring the political economies of such industries. The result is the first comprehensive analysis of the shift of global agricultural trade to the South and the deepening crisis of commodity-driven deforestation--and a complex and evolving picture of both the risks and opportunities for sustainability presented by this transformative shift.

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being adopted to address climate change, health, and urban sustainability, yet ensuring they are effective and inclusive remains a challenge. Addressing these challenges through chapters by leading experts in both global south and north contexts, this forward-looking book advances the science of NBS in cities and discusses the frontiers for next-generation urban NBS.

Biogenic toxins are fascinating natural products characterized by an enormous diversity of chemical structures and pharmacological activities. They not only pose hazards to humans and animals, but they are important components in the interplay of substances and living beings in nature and, moreover, important sources for new drugs.

Since the Cold War's end in 1989, German conservationists have transformed the once-militarized border between East and West Germany into an extensive protected area. Yet as forests, meadows, and wetlands replace fences, minefields, and guard towers, ecological recovery must reckon with the pain of the borderlands' brutal past.

From the perspective of a healthcare auditor and provider, this work describes the problems of American healthcare finance and proposes solutions. Extensive charts and graphs are used to trace where money goes in the American healthcare system, while other topics such as ethics in healthcare billing, un-auditable hospital costs and scams are discussed. There is evidence that clearly identifies where the money goes, and its destination may surprise the reader.

This two-volume work focuses on the mathematical aspects of Darwinian evolution starting from the basic model of stochastic evolution of a single isolated locus in the presence of mutation to the multi-locus models of sexual and asexual populations. Volume 2 discusses the inference of fi tness landscape from DNA sequence data, discovery of the evolutionary roles of enygmatic traits, co-evolution of adversarial species, and various applications to virus evolution.

This book presents the fundamental theories, methodologies and case studies of marine ecosystem modeling with a special focus on marine ecological dynamics that could provide scientists and researchers with a stabile and reliable technical framework to study marine life and their developments. This book also clarifies the research objective and model classification methods of marine ecosystem dynamics research and analyzes the key marine ecological processes that affect modeling.

Frontline caregivers face ethical challenges that are very different from those encountered elsewhere in the organization. Healthcare professionals trained on a structured approach to identifying, analyzing, and resolving ethical issues in clinical settings can greatly improve the patient experience and the quality of care. Managing Healthcare Ethically: Clinical Challenges looks at dilemmas that occur in caring for individual patients and groups of patients in today's changing clinical environment.

Healthcare systems tailor their structure and policies to create an ethically aligned organization. The best organizational practices and cultures are built on strong and consistent ethical decision-making that ensures quality and value-based patient care. Managing Healthcare Ethically: Organizational Concerns focuses on how a healthcare organization's ethical decisions and actions affect its operations and overall mission.